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Anonymous. After 211 BC. AR Victoriatus (19mm, 9h). Rome mint. Laureate head of Jupiter right / Victory standing right, crowning trophy with wreath; RoMA in exergue. Crawford 53/1; Schaefer & Friedman, Fig. 8 (perpendicular hair, greaves and small base on trophy); Sydenham 83; RSC 9. Lustrous. In NGC encapsulation 4374477-305, graded MS.
In around 218 BC, at roughly the same time as the appearance of the silver denarius, mints in the Roman Republic began to strike silver coins bearing on the obverse a bust of Jupiter and on the reverse a figure of Victory placing a wreath upon a trophy. Known as a victoriatus in Latin or tropaikon in Greek, this coin was primarily issued to facilitate payments in Greek-speaking southern Italy, where its weight was roughly equivalent to a drachm or half nomos. Rome at this time had a great need for coinage, as the Second Punic War then raged across Italy, and the city needed silver to pay her allies. This function is demonstrated by the hoard evidence, which shows that their circulation was generally limited to southern Italy, and later Cisalpine Gaul and Spain.
The victoriatus was generally struck in less pure silver than the denarius, rarely meeting the same 90% standard, yet it generally followed the same overall pattern of debasements. Despite this, it proved to be an important coin for the budding empire. Though the type was discontinued around 170 BC, the coins themselves continued to circulate, eventually becoming worn enough to function in the marketplace as quinarii. Accordingly, even into the early Imperial period, the silver quinarius was also sometimes referred to as a victoriatus.
The final winners of all CNG Feature Auction 121 lots will be determined during the live online sale that will be held on 6-8 October 2022. This lot is in Session Three, which will begin 7 October 2022 at 9 AM ET.
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