Sale: Triton XII, Lot: 125. Estimate $30000.  Closing Date: Monday, 5 January 2009.  Sold For $24000. This amount does not include the buyer’s fee.

CARTHAGE. Circa 270-264 BC. AV Tridrachm (12.48 g, 12h). Wreathed head of Tanit left, wearing triple-pendant earring, and necklace with twelve pendants / Horse standing right, head left. Jenkins & Lewis group IX, 380-3 (same obv. die); MAA 26; SNG Copenhagen (North Africa) 181; de Luynes 3749. Superb EF.

Ex Arthur J. Frank Collection; Jules Furthman Collection (Kosoff, 13 October 1965), no. 27; R.P. Pflieger Collection (not in Vinchon sale); 1948 Tunis Hoard (IGCH 2271).

By the third century BC, the Punic goddess Tanit and the horse had become the standard types of Carthaginian coinage and remained so for the balance of the city’s existence. Tanit was the primary deity of Carthage. A celestial divinity with some fertility aspects, she was the North African equivalent of Astarte. She is always depicted on the coinage wearing a wreath of grain which may have been borrowed from Demeter and Persephone as the Carthaginians assimilated the Sicilian culture into their own during the various Punic excursions to the island. The use of the horse on the reverse is usually considered part of the foundation myth of Carthage. According to Virgil's Aeneid, the Phoenician colonists who founded Carthage were told by Juno (or Tanit) to establish the new colony at the place where they discovered a horse's head in the ground. Another theory is that the obverse head is actually Demeter or Persephone, whose worship was introduced to Carthage in 396 BC to make amends for the destruction of the goddesses' temples outside Syracuse by the Carthaginian army.