Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 601. Theophilus. 829-842. Æ Half Follis (24mm, 4.17 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. Struck 831-842.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 602. Basil I the Macedonian, with Constantine. 867-886. AV Solidus (20mm, 4.33 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. Struck 871-886.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 603. Leo VI the Wise. 886-912. Æ Follis (26.5mm, 6.18 g, 6h). Constantinople mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 604. Anonymous Folles. temp. Nicephorus III, circa 1078-1081. Æ Follis (23mm, 4.43 g, 6h). Class I. Constantinople mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 605. Alexius I Comnenus. 1081-1118. Æ Follis (22mm, 8.32 g, 6h). Constantinople mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 606. Alexius I Comnenus. 1081-1118. Æ Tetarteron (20mm, 3.66 g, 6h). Constantinople mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 607. Theodore I Comnenus-Lascaris. Emperor of Nicaea, 1208-1222. AR Aspron Trachy Nomisma (36mm, 3.91 g, 6h). Type B. Magnesia mint. Struck 1208-1212(?).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 608. Andronicus II Palaeologus. 1282-1328. AV Hyperpyron Nomisma (26.5mm, 3.98 g, 6h). Class Ib. Constantinople mint. Struck circa 1282-1294.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 609. Andronicus II Palaeologus, with Michael IX. 1282-1328. AV Hyperpyron (24.5mm, 4.23 g, 6h). Class IIb. Constantinople mint. Struck 1303-1320.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 610. Andronicus II Palaeologus, with Michael IX. 1282-1328. Gilt AV Hyperpyron Forgery (21mm, 2.81 g, 6h). Class IIb. Constantinople mint. Struck 1303-1320.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 611. Alexius IV. Emperor of Trebizond, 1417-1446. AR Asper (16mm, 0.99 g, 6h).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 612. CRUSADERS, Christian Arabic Dirhams. Mid to late 13th century. AR Half Dirham (16mm, 1.39 g, 6h). Akka (Acre) mint. Dated 12[51] (in Arabic).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 613. ISLAMIC, Time of Muhammad & the Rashidun. Uncertain types. AH 1-30 / AD 622-651. Æ Fals (25mm, 4.53 g, 12h). Two standing imperial figures type (Type IV). Neapolis (Nablus) mint. Struck circa AD 636-650.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 614. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. 'Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr. Zubayrid governor, AH 63-73 / AD 682-692. AR Drachm (34.5mm, 2.67 g, 9h). Uncertain (MLW or MY?) mint. Dated AH 65(?) in Pahlavi (AD 685/6).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 615. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (33mm, 3.99 g, 9h). Arab-Sasanian type. Eastern Sistan Series. Sears Class III. SK (Sijistan) mint. Blundered AH 45 or 46 in Pahlavi (but struck circa AH 80 [AD 6

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 616. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (34mm, 3.89 g, 3h). Arab-Sasanian type. Eastern Sistan Series. Sears Class III. SK (Sijistan) mint. Dated AH 48 in Pahlavi (but struck circa AH 80 [AD 699/700]).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 617. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (34mm, 3.89 g, 3h). Arab-Sasanian type. Eastern Sistan Series. Sears Class III. SK (Sijistan) mint. Dated AH 48 in Pahlavi (but struck circa AH 80 [AD 699/700]).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 618. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (34mm, 3.89 g, 9h). Arab-Sasanian type. Eastern Sistan Series. Sears Class III. SK (Sijistan) mint. Blundered AH date in Pahlavi (but struck circa AH 80 [AD 699/7

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 619. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (34mm, 4.02 g, 3h). Arab-Sasanian type. Issue of Ubayd Allah ibn Abi Bakra, governor (fl. 79-80 / AD 698-699). SK (Sijistan) mint. Dated AH 79 in Pahlavi (AD 698/

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 620. ISLAMIC, Umayyad Caliphate. temp. 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AH 65-86 / AD 685-705. AR Drachm (34mm, 4.02 g, 9h). Arab-Sasanian type. Issue of Ubayd Allah ibn Abi Bakra, governor (fl. 79-80 / AD 698-699). SK (Sijistan) mint. Dated AH 81 in Pahlavi (AD 701/

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 621. ISLAMIC, al-Maghreb (North Africa). Almohads (al-Muwahhidun). temp. Abu Ya'qub Yusuf I to Abu'l-'Ula Idris II. AH 558-668 / AD 1163-1269. AR Square Dirham (14x14mm, 1.53 g, 12h).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 622. ISLAMIC, Fatimids. al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah. AH 341-365 / AD 953-975. AR Half Dirham (20mm, 1.32 g, 5h). al-Mansuriya mint. Dated AH 357 (AD 967/8).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 623. ISLAMIC, Fatimids. ’Umar. Circa 10th-12th century. Glass Vessel Stamp (33x42mm, 11.97 g).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 624. ISLAMIC, Persia (Post-Seljuk). Khwarizm Shahs. 'Ala al-Din Muhammad II. AH 596-617 / AD 1200-1220. Cast Æ Seal Stamp (128mm, 226.40 g).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 625. ISLAMIC, Mongols. Great Khans. temp. Chingiz (Genghis). AH 602-624 / AD 1206-1227. BI Jital (16mm, 4.28 g, 49h). Ghazna mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 626. ISLAMIC, Mongols. Great Khans. temp. Chingiz (Genghis) to Ogedai. AH 602-639 / AD 1206-1241. AV Dinar (27mm, 6.83 g, 3h). Anonymous Kalima issue. Bukhara mint. Struck circa AD 1223–1232.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 627. ISLAMIC, Ottoman Empire. 'Abd al-Majid I. AH 1255-1277 / AD 1839-1861. AV İkiyüzellilik – 250 Kurush (27.5mm, 17.97 g, 12h). Qustantiniya (Constantinople) mint. Dually dated AH 1255 and RY 18 (AD 1857).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 628. ISLAMIC, Ottoman Empire. 'Abd al-'Aziz. AH 1277-1293 / AD 1861-1876. Besyüz kuruşluk – 500 Kurush (35mm, 35.90 g, 12h). Qustantiniya (Constantinople) mint. Dually dated AH 1277 and RY 8 (AD 1869).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 629. ISLAMIC, Ottoman Empire. 'Abd al-'Aziz. AH 1277-1293 / AD 1861-1876. AV 5 Riyal – 5 Piastres (13mm, 0.94 g, 12h). Tunus (Tunis) mint. Dated AH 1289 (AD 1873).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 630. BERMUDA, Colonial. George III. King of Great Britain, 1760-1820. CU Cent (30mm, 6h). Soho (Birmingham) mint. Dated 1793.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 631. BRAZIL, Empire. Pedro II. 1831-1889. AR 2000 Réis (37mm, 6h). Rio de Janiero mint. Dated 1857.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 632. CHINA, Míng dynasty. Xīzōng. AD 1621-1627. Æ 10 Liang (46mm, 29.48 g, 12h). Miyun mint in Zhili province. Cast AD 1621-1622.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 633. CHINA, Foreign Enclaves. Hong Kong. Victoria. Queen of Great Britain, 1837-1901. CU Cent (27mm, 12h). London mint. Dated 1863.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 634. COSTA RICA, Estado de Costa Rica. 1838-1848. AV Medio Escudo (14mm, 1.53 g, 12h). San José mint. Dated 1846 CR JB.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 635. FRANCE, Royal. François I le Pére et Restaurateur des Lettres (the Father and Restorer of Letters). 1515-1547. AV Écu d’or au soleil (25mm, 3.35 g, 6h). Bordeaux mint; différent: boat over crescent. Authorized 21 July 1519.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 636. GREECE, First Hellenic Republic. Ioannis Antonios Kapodistrias. Governor, 1828-1831. CU 20 Lepta (35mm, 27.74 g, 1h). Aegina mint. Dated 1831.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 637. GUYANA, Colonial (Essequibo & Demerary). British. George III. King of Great Britain, 1760-1820. CU Stiver (34mm, 19.02 g, 5h). London mint. Dated 1813.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 638. HUNGARY, Holy Roman Empire. Mária Terézia. 1740-1780. CU Poltura (29mm, 17.08 g, 12h). Körmöcbánya (Kremnica) mint. Dated 1763 PH KM.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 639. INDIA, Mughal Empire. temp. Furrukhsiyar. AH 1124-1131 / AD 1713-1719. Brass Seal Matrix (33.5mm, 9.86 g). In the name of Juliana Dias da Costa. Dated AH 1127 and RY 4 (1715).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 640. INDIA, Mughal Empire. temp. Muhammad Shah. AH 1131-1161 / AD 1719-1748. Brass Seal Matrix (42mm, 22.50 g, 12h). Seal of Y’aqub Khan Fadavi Rawzi al-Bakar. Dated AH 1151 and RY 21 (1738/9).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 641. INDIA, Colonial. British India. Madras Presidency. Gilt CU Dub – 1/48 Rupee (31mm, 13.88 g, 6h). Soho (Birmingham) mint. Dated 1797.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 642. INDIA, Uncertain. Circa 19th century. Cast Bronze Religious Pendant/Amulet (54mm, 30.58 g, 12h).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 643. ITALY, Napoli (Regno). Roberto I il Saggio (the Wise) d'Angiò. 1309-1343. AR Gigliato (25mm, 3.79 g, 2h). Napoli (Naples) mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 644. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Gregory X. 1272-1276. PB Bulla (36mm, 47.29 g, 12h).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 645. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Julius II. 1503-1513. BI Picciolo (17mm, 0.56 g, 8h). Rome mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 646. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Paul IV. 1555-1559. AR Giulio (26mm, 2.71 g, 7h). Ancona mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 647. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius IV. 1559-1565. AR Triplice Giulio – Testone (30mm, 9.56 g, 2h). Rome mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 648. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent X. 1644-1655. AR Piastra (42mm, 31.44 g, 6h). Rome mint. Dated RY 2 (AD 1645/6).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 649. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Sede Vacante. 1669-1670. AR Piastra (44mm, 31.89 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated 1769.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 650. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XI. 1676-1689. AR Piastra (44mm, 31.50 g, 12h). Rome mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 651. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XI. 1676-1689. AR Piastra (44mm, 31.69 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1684 and RY 9.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 652. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XI. 1676-1689. AR Piastra (44mm, 31.48 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 1 (AD 1676/7).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 653. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XI. 1676-1689. AR Testone (30mm, 8.62 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1686 and RY 10.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 654. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XI. 1676-1689. AR Mezzo grosso (16mm, 0.75 g, 12h). Rome mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 655. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XII. 1691-1700. AR Piastra (45mm, 31.68 g, 12h). Holy Year issue. Rome mint. Dually dated 1700 and RY 9.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 656. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XII. 1691-1700. AR Mezza piastra (39mm, 15.78 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1697 P B and RY 6.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 657. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Piastra (45mm, 31.80 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 9 (AD 1709/10).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 658. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Piastra (43mm, 31.58 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 13 EH.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 659. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Mezza piastra (37mm, 15.93 g, 6h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1702 PE and RY 2.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 660. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Giulio (25mm, 2.99 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 10 (AD 1710/1).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 661. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Giulio (25mm, 3.04 g, 1h). Rome mint. Dated RY 14 (AD 1714/5).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 662. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Giulio (25mm, 3.04 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 15 (AD 1715/6).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 663. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XI. 1700-1721. AR Giulio (27mm, 3.05 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 17 (AD 1717/8).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 664. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Innocent XIII. 1721-1724. AR Giulio (25mm, 3.01 g, 12h). Rome mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 665. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XII. 1730-1740. AR Mezza piastra (37mm, 14.73 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated RY 5 (AD 1735/6).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 666. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XII. 1730-1740. AR Testone (31mm, 8.45 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1735 H and RY 5.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 667. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Benedict XIV. 1740-1758. AR Scudo (42mm, 26.07 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1753 and RY 14.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 668. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XIII. 1758-1769. AR Mezzo grosso (17mm, 0.65 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1760/1 and RY 4.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 669. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Clement XIV. 1769-1774. AR Testone (31mm, 7.90 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1770 and RY 2.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 670. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius VI. 1775-1799. AR Scudo (41mm, 26.57 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated 1780 and RY 6.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 671. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius VI. 1775-1799. AR Scudo (41mm, 26.27 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dated 1780 and RY 6.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 672. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Leo XII. 1823-1829. AR Scudo (40mm, 26.39 g, 12h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1825 R and RY 2.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 673. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Leo XII. 1823-1829. AR Scudo (41mm, 26.40 g, 12h). Bologna mint. Dually dated 1825 B and RY 3.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 674. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius VIII. 1829-1830. AR Scudo (38mm, 26.48 g, 12h). Bologna mint. Dated 1830 B.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 675. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Sede Vacante. 1830. AR Scudo (37mm, 26.41 g, 12h). Bologna mint. Dated 1830 B.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 676. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius IX. 1846-1878. AR Scudo (38mm, 26.86 g, 6h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1853 R and RY 8.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 677. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Pius IX. 1846-1878. CU Baiocco (30mm, 9.80 g, 6h). Rome mint. Dually dated 1846 R and RY 1.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 678. ITALY, Papale (Stato pontificio). Second Roman Republic. 1849. BI 40 Baiocci (34mm, 20.05 g, 6h). Rome mint. Dated 1849 R.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 679. MALAY ARCHIPELAGO, Sarawak. Charles J. Brooke. Rajah, 1868-1917. AR 5 Cents (15mm, 6h). Heaton (Birmingham) mint. Dated 1913 H.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 680. MALTA, Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Emmanuel de Rohan. Grandmaster, 1775-1797. AR 30 Tarì (40mm, 29.57 g, 6h). Valletta mint. Dated 1790 .

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 681. MYANMAR (BURMA), Kingdom of Pyu. 3rd century-circa AD 600. AR Unit of 80 Rattis (31mm, 8.51 g). Beikthano mint.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 682. RUSSIA, Empire. Ekaterina II Velikaya (the Great). 1762-1796. CU 5 Kopeks (40mm, 51.39 g, 1h). Ekaterinburg mint. Dated 1782 EM.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 683. ST. PIERRE & MIQUELON, French. Quatrième République. 1947-1959. CU-NI Essai de Franc (22mm, 6h). Paris mint: différents: cornucopia and wing. Dated 1948.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 684. SPAIN, Reino de España. Felipe III el Piadoso. 1598-1621. Æ 8 Maravedis (27mm, 6.07 g, 12h). Segovia mint; mm: aqueduct. Dated 1618.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 685. TUNISIA, Husaynid Beys. Muhammad III al-Sadiq. AH 1276-1299 / AD 1859-1882. AV 100 Piastres (33mm, 19.51 g, 12h). Citing Ottoman sultan Abdul Mejid. Tunisia mint. Dated AH 1280 (AD 1863/4).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 686. ANCIENT THEMES, Roman Republican. Julius Caesar. 100-44 BC. Cast Æ ‘Sestertius’ (36mm, 24.17 g, 12h). After Giovanni da Cavino (1500-1570).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 687. ANCIENT THEMES, Roman Imperial. Nerva. AD 96-98. Cast Æ ‘Sestertius’ (37mm, 37.00 g, 6h). After Giovanni da Cavino (1500-1570).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 688. FRANCE, Premier Empire. Napoléon I. 1804-1814. Æ Medal (40mm, 37.64 g, 12h). Austria Violates the Treaty of Pressburg and the Battles of Abensberg and Eckmühl. By Andrieu and Brenet. Denon, director. Triply dated 9, 20, and 22 April 1809 (in Roman numera

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 689. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (50mm, 65.54 g, 12h). Accession of Louis XVIII. By Andrieu and Jeuffroy. Dated 8 June 1795.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 690. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (67mm, 165.9 g, 12h). Entry into Paris. By Galle. Dated 3 May 1814.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 691. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (48mm, 37.84 g, 12h). Re-Establishment of the Bourbons on the Throne of France. By Halliday. Thomason, director. Dated 1815.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 692. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (50mm, 64.57 g, 12h). Homage Returned to the Royal Ashes Profaned in 1793. By Andrieu and Galle. De Puymaurin, director. Dated 21 January 1817.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 693. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (51mm, 42.93 g, 12h). Funeral Procession of the Prince de Condé. By Andrieu and Barre. Puymaurin, director. Dated 26 May 1818 (though a later cast).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 694. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Élie, duc Decazes, statesman, and Commander of the Grande Loge de France. 1780-1860. Æ Medal (40mm, 38.54 g, 12h). By Barre. Dated October 1818.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 695. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (51mm, 69.50 g, 12h). Franco-America Convention of Navigation and Commerce. By Andrieu and Gayrard. De Puymaurin, director. Dated 1822 (in Roman numerals).

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 696. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Æ Medal (36mm, 22.34 g, 12h). On his death. By Caunois. Puymaurin, director. Dated 16 September 1824.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 697. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Louis XVIII. 1814-1824. Octagonal AR Jeton (35mm, 20.09 g, 12h). Honorary Consul of the Royal Museums. By Gatteaux and Gayrard. Puymaurin, director.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 698. FRANCE, Royal (Restored). Charles X. 1824-1830. Æ Medal (50mm, 50.34 g, 12h). Replacement of the Statue of Louis XIV in Lyon. By Galle. Dated 1825.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 699. FRANCE, Troisième République. Ferdinand Foch, Marechal de France and Supreme Allied Commander. 1851-1929. Æ Medal (49mm, 60.38 g, 12h). By Maillard. Dated 14 April 1918.

Electronic Auction 478
Lot: 700. GERMANY, Drittes Reich. 1933-1945. AR Medal (36mm, 19.60 g, 12h). Annexation of the Sudetenland. By Karl Goetz. Dated 1 October 1938.